As an experienced CMS website operation personnel in the information security field, I am well aware of the importance of content quality and safe output for the success of the website.In our daily content management work, we often need to format text to ensure its aesthetic and readability on the frontend interface.At the same time, content safety output is a cornerstone that we cannot ignore, as it directly relates to user experience, website reputation, and even legal compliance.The Anqi CMS provides a powerful and flexible template filter mechanism to help us easily handle these challenges.
Optimize content presentation: String processing filter
In the AnQi CMS template system, the string processing filter is a key tool for improving content display efficiency and user experience.They allow us to crop, format, or convert text in various ways to adapt to different design layouts and display requirements.
truncatecharsandtruncatewordsis the most commonly used truncation filter.When displaying long articles or descriptions on list pages, abstracts, or card views, showing the entire content directly may destroy the page layout and affect the overall aesthetics.truncatecharsThe filter can truncate strings to a specified number of characters, for example, if we want to display the first 50 characters of an article as a summary, we can use{{ item.Description|truncatechars:50 }}It will automatically add an ellipsis at the truncation point to ensure the continuity of reading. Similarly,truncatewordsThis is convenient for processing English content, as it avoids the situation where words are cut off, for example{{ item.Content|truncatewords:20 }}Through the reasonable use of these filters, we can provide meaningful content previews within limited space and guide users to click for more details.
Besides truncation, there are many other useful string processing functions. For example,linebreaksbrfilters can automatically convert line breaks in text to HTML tags.<br/>Tags, which are very useful for handling user input that may contain multi-line text but lacks HTML formatting, ensuring it is correctly segmented for display on the frontend. When we need to automatically convert URLs and email addresses within plain text to clickable links,urlizeFilters come into play, they not only create links but also automatically addrel="nofollow"attributes, which are very beneficial for SEO and outbound link management.
In addition,stringformatThe filter provides powerful formatting capabilities, similar to the Go language'sfmt.Sprintf()function. Whether it is a number, string, or floating-point number, we can use it to precisely control the format of the output, for example,{{ price|stringformat:"%.2f" }}You can format the number to two decimal places.upperandlowerThe filter is used to quickly convert text to uppercase or lowercase, suitable for unifying the display style of titles or labels.These filters collectively constitute the fine-grained management capability of AnQi CMS in the content presentation layer, enabling us to provide users with a more professional and friendly browsing experience.
Ensure content security: Prevent cross-site scripting attacks
One of the core responsibilities of website operation is to ensure the safe output of content, prevent malicious code, especially cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks. The Aiqi CMS provides comprehensive protection measures in this aspect, mainly through the default automatic escaping mechanism of its template engine as well assafe/striptagsImplement filters as required.
The template engine of Anqi CMS defaults to processing all that pass through.{{ 变量 }}Form the content output to HTML entities. This means that any potential HTML tags or JavaScript code (such as<script>alert('XSS')</script>All entities (e.g.) will be converted to safe entities<script>alert('XSS')</script>Thus, it is displayed in the browser as plain text rather than being executed. This is the first and most important line of defense against XSS attacks.
However, in some cases, we may indeed need to output content that includes valid HTML tags, such as article content, formatted content generated by rich text editors, or strictly reviewed advertising code. In this situation, we can usesafeThe filter explicitly informs the template engine that we trust this content is safe and does not require escaping. For example,{{ archive.Content|safe }}The content will output the HTML tags as original. But it is especially important to note that,safeThe filter must be used with caution and should only be applied to content that we have confirmed to be strictly sanitized or from a completely trusted source. If unverified user input is directly marked assafeIt opens the door to XSS attacks.
In order to better control the output of HTML content, the security CMS also providesstriptagsandremovetagsFilter.striptagsThe filter can strip all HTML and XML tags from a string, leaving only plain text, which is very useful for extracting concise summaries from rich text content or ensuring that user input does not contain any formatting tags.removetagsThe filter allows us to specify and remove specific HTML tags, such as{{ archive.Content|removetags:"script,iframe"|safe }}Remove the content of the article<script>and<iframe>Tags, while retaining other valid HTML, is an effective means of content sanitization.
In addition, although default automatic escaping is sufficient to handle most cases,autoescapeLabels provide more flexible control. We can use{% autoescape off %}and{% autoescape on %}Turn on or off the automatic escaping feature locally, which can provide finer-grained control when dealing with large amounts of HTML fragments that require special handling, although in most operational practices, we tend to rely on global automatic escaping and selectively usesafeFilter.
In summary, the string processing and content security output filter of AnQi CMS provide a powerful toolkit for website operators.By proficiently using these filters, we can not only create content that is beautifully typeset and easy to read, but also build a solid content security barrier, ensuring the stable operation of the website and the trust of users.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why do I usetruncatecharsIt seems that the number of characters displayed after truncating the text is inaccurate?A1:truncatecharsThe filter defaults to truncating by character (including Chinese characters, punctuation, etc.). If you find that the number of displayed characters is not as expected, it may be because of HTML entities (such as or&The content inside may be counted as one or more characters when internally calculated, but may differ in actual display. In the Anqi CMS,truncatecharsFilters typically handle plain text, and if it's HTML content, it's recommended to first eitherstriptagsremove tags and then truncate, or usetruncatechars_htmlTo avoid damaging the HTML structure and to correctly handle HTML entities.
Q2: I allow some HTML tags (such as<strong>/<a>), but not want users to submit malicious<script>tags, how should it be handled?A2: In this case, you should not use it directly{{ comment.Content|safe }}.The proper practice is to strictly sanitize (sanitization) the content submitted by the user before it enters the database or before the template output.<script>/<iframe>/onerrorProperties, etc.). The content after disinfection can be used in the template again.|safeFilter outputs.The Anqi CMS may provide content filtering or sensitive word management features to assist in this process.If more complex processing is required, consider integrating a dedicated HTML Sanitizer library on the backend.
Q3: Why are HTML tags still displayed on my website content without using|safethe filter?A3: The default template engine of AnQi CMS automatically escapes HTML. If you see HTML tags being displayed instead of escaped, there are several possible reasons:
- The content itself has been encodedFor example, the content has already been manually or through other programs encoded as HTML entities when entered into the database, so when outputted in the template, the browser will decode it and display it as tags.
- Content from a source that is not affected by automatic escapingFor example, some built-in system outputs or plugins may have already marked the content as 'safe', or their mechanisms bypass the automatic escaping of standard template variables.
- Misused another filterCheck if you have accidentally used something similar to
|striptagssuch a filter, which actually removes tags rather than escaping. - Template tags themselvesMake sure you are using
{{ 变量 }}Output the variable content instead of in.{% 标签 %}Directly output HTML internally.If you suspect an abnormal automatic escaping behavior, you can try testing the output of pure HTML content in a brand new, simple template file to exclude interference from complex template logic.